Waterproof concrete pile



RAATAU? Mar. 6, 1923.

. M. BLUMENTHAL WATERPROOF CONCRETE PILE Filed Nov.

l, Hoz/mmfr `Patented Mar. 6, 1923.

Lift@ Maumee BLUMENTH'AL, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

i WATERPROOF CONCRETE PILE.`

To all whom it may concern: y

Be it known that I, Mannion BLUME-N- THAL, residin at Brooklyn, in the county of Kingsv andtate .of New' York, have invented certain new and useful Improvevments in VVa-teprof`Concrete Piles, of which the following is a specification.

This' invention relates to a means of waterproofing concrete piles and the like.

An objectY of this invention is to provide lmeans whereby concrete piles, such as aremediums likely to attack the pile from Without.

A further object is to provide an improved process by which to apply waterproof coatings to concrete piles and the like.

Other objects and ams'of the invention,

. more or less specific than those referred to above, will be in part 4obvious and in part pointed out in the course of the' following description of the elements, combinations,

arrangements of parts and applications of principles, constituting the invention; and the scope of protection contemplated will be indicated in the appended claims.

In the accompanyingdrawings which arev 40 to be taken 'as part of this specification, and yin which I have shown merely a, preferred form of embodiment of the invention:

Figure 1 .is a vertical transverse sectional view showing a pile 1in course of construe tion in accordance with the, provisions of.

this invention.

Figure 2 is a similar v1ew of' theffcome plet pile. i

Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary transverse sectional view illustrating a por-l tion of the waterproofing coating with the Figure 3 is a transverse sectionalfvie'wtaken substantially upon the plane of 'line III-HI of Fig. l.

adjacent .concrete and earthy material at lts opposite surfaces, and

Figure 5 is a fragmentary elevational view of a portion of the coating material, different layers of which the material is composed being b-roken away at different points so as better to illustrate the nature of the material.

Referring to the drawings for describing in detail the structure which is illustrated therein, the reference character L indicates a shell, or former, which is provided at its lower end with a nose piece l, the lower annular edge of the shell being received in a suitable recess-2 formed in the nose piece in such manner with .the different sections as 3, 4 and 5 of which the shell is composed are held in proper assembly. V

This `shell is constructed and is sunken into the earth in a manner substantially the same as has been shown and described in my pending application Serial No. 306,134,

lfiled. June 23, 1919.

- Within the shell is arranged the water-- proof coating, or jacket G. This jacket is in the form of a bag closed on all its sides and at its bottom and being'open only at its top end for receiving the concrete'material 6 which may be emptied thereinto afterthe jacket is in place within the shell.

The waterprooiing material, of which the jacket .is formed, is preferably composed of -a plurality of layers of different materials arranged, for instance, as illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, wherein the three distinct layers are illustrated as at 7, 3 and 9. The layer 7 is innermost and lies against the surfacev of the concrete material 6'. The layer 8 is intermediate'and the layer 9, is outermost. The intermediate layer 8 is preferably of soft, pliable and sticky` material such as asphalt or asphalt composition. It constitutes also the essential waterproofing element of the jacket and it is preferably nonhardenin'g. The innermost layer 7 is preferably quite thin and more or less porous so that the sticky ymaterial of the layer 8 may penetrate thru it to a greater or less extent and engage with and adhere to the concrete material. Thin paper of a coarse fibrous texture is well suited to this purpose .as'it fulfills the above requirements and at panding o the inner surface of the layer 8 while the jacket is being handled and prior to the application' of the concrete material.- Woven cloth of suitable texture may be used if preferred. I't'should be noted also that due to the porosity of the layer 7 portions of the concrete material may in ysome instances be forced thru the layer 7 and into direct engagement with the material of the layer 8 at different points.

The layer 9 is utilized as a protection to the outer surface of the layer8. It serves as a support and foundation-for the layer 8 at rall times and protects the, layer 8 from harm. By its position upon the exterior surface `of the layer 8 it stands to engage aga-inst the inner surface of the shell L during the formation of the pile and it provides a desirably strong, and yet yielding, surface adapted to withstand thel frictional strains imparted to it during the liftingout of the shell sections after the concrete material has been introduced. It also is capable ef withstanding the distortional strains to whlch it is subjected after removal vof the shell b reason of the settling and exthe concrete material into the space left upon Aremoval of the shell and by reasonv of the 'expansion into -voids of greater or less extent which may be present at different points in the adjacent surface of the earth 'A strong, heavy fibrous paper is suitable for forming the layer 9 but other materials may be employed if desired such as burlap, canvas or the like. l,

In some instances it is desirable to provide additional reinforcement for the jacket and this is shown herein as being present embedded in the material of the layer 8 of thejacket.` It is represented by the reference character 10 and is illustrated to consist of a layer of coarse woven material.

Strips of thin sheet copper thus disposed have been found to be well suited to the purpose. Altho the strips are preferably woven together, as illustrated, yet of course; they may be otherwise arranged as preferred, or they may consist of other forms and kinds of metal, or of fabric. Being entirely embedded within the material of the layer 8 this reinforcing material is effectivelyl protected at all times against all exterior agencies and will last for an indefinite period.

In operating this invention the jacket may be placed within the shell either before or after the shell is driven into the earth. After the shell is driven and the jacket is in place the concrete material is then poured into the jacket from above thus filling the jacket andY pressing the outer surface of the layer 9 of the jacket tightly against the inner surface of the walls of the shell. The shell is then removed allowing the jacket fio-.spread a greater or less extent under the The shells may be-also of uniform diameter or they may be tapered as illustrated, according to preference.

Where the shell is formed within earthy material which is of suitable consistency to support the pile in pile shape during the hardening of the concrete material, the shell may be removed, while the concrete materialp is yet plastic and unset so as thus to enable the pile to conform itself more accurately to the shape of `the surrounding earth, but where the earthy material is not of the requisite consistency, or where the pile is driven thru water, as for instance, in the bed of a stream or the like, the concrete material may be allowed to harden to a suitable extent before the removal of the shell. Or the shell may be lifted only part way; that is, to a point where the lower end of the shell is still in solid earth and then allowed to remain until the concrete material has hardened'. In this way the lower portion of the pile which is within the solid earth is enabled to conform itself to the contour of the earth and yet the portion of the pile which extends upwardly, into the water is held in proper form during` the hardening process and the waterproofing` jacket is maintained and s upported so that when the shell is finally removed the jacket is intact thruout, protecting the lower portion of the pile from the evil effects ofthe earth constituents and protecting the upper portion of the pile from the watery constituents.

Piles constructed and waterproofed in accordance with this invention may be utilized in many instances where concrete piles have heretofore been ineflicient and impractical. They will be proof against the evil effects of many agencies which have heretofore rendered concrete piles unreliable. They will be proof against electrolysis, against mineral attacks, and against the deteriorating action of salt water, etc. Metallic reinforcing rods, or bars, or metallic members of other qualities embedded in the concrete material for instance to be used as holding means for superstructures and the like, will incidentally be protected.

The layer 9 of the jacket may in time be absorbed and disappear but yet the layer 8 will remain intact for many years.

As many changes could be made in this construction Without departing from the scope of the following claims, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description, or shown in the accompanying drawings, shall'be interpreted as illustrative onl and not in a limiting sense.

lenabling penetration of the sticky material into engagement with the concrete material and vice versa.

2. A waterproof jacket within which to mould a concrete structure, said jacket comprising-a layer of sticky material and a layer of porous material arranged between the sticky material and the concrete material enabling penetration of the sticky material into engagement with the concrete material and vice versa, and said jacket also including an outer layer arranged for supporting the sticky material.

3. A waterproof jacket within which to mould a concrete structure, said jacket comprising a layer of sticky material and a layer of porous material arranged between the sticky material and the concrete material enabling penetration of the sticky material into engagement with the concrete material and viceversa, and said jacket also including an outer layer arranged for supporting the sticky material, together with a reinforcing element embedded within said stick material.

4. A waterproofing material for concrete piles consisting of a layer of porous material, a layer of sticky material, and a supporting layer, together with a layer of reinforcing material embedded within said layer of sticky material.

5. A- waterproof jacket within which to mould a concrete structure, said jacket having on its inner surface a layer of sticky material to be engaged by, and adhere to, the concrete material.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

MAURICE BLUMEN-THAL. 

